Factsheet

A well-managed cover crop can conserve and protect the soil, boost productivity, capture nitrogen and phosphorus leftover from a main crop or from fall applied manure, and if harvested in the spring, provide additional forage for dairy cattle and other livestock.

For field crop rotations on dairy farms in the Northeast, cereal rye, triticale, wheat, and annual ryegrass are good options in rotation with corn silage or small grains as they are winter hardy. Oats are a good option for their quick emergence and abundant biomass in the fall but oats winter-kill. For any cover crop, an establishment and termination plan should be in place before planting. This factsheet describes general establishment and termination methods, and planting timing of winter cereal cover crops for field crop systems in the Northeast USA.

Download the factsheet below.

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Cover crops are grown primarily to ‘protect or improve’ soils between periods of regular crop production. They can be effective at improving soil functions by increasing soil nutrient and water retention, improving soil structure/quality, reducing the risk of soil erosion, surface run-off and diffuse pollution by providing soil cover and by managing weeds or soil-borne pests.