worms

Earthworms are known as ecosystem engineers due to their ability to structurally, chemically and biologically transform the soil environment in which they live.

Earthworm functions

The activity and behaviour of earthworms is beneficial for the provision of many soil ecosystem services, including:

  • Enhanced porosity improves soil hydrological functioning through better water infiltration and drainage
  • Enhanced porosity improves soil aeration and space for root growth
  • Decomposition of organic matter, allowing the release of plant-available nutrients
  • The incorporation of litter from the soil surface enhances soil organic carbon
  • Enhancing the activity of beneficial soil bacteria and fungi
  • The formation of soil aggregates, for better structure and quality 

Earthworm ecology

Earthworms are grouped into three ecotypes based on their morphology, ecology and burrowing behaviours.

These ecotypes are:

  • Anecic - The largest earthworm species are in this group. They create deep, vertical burrows in the soil, through which they bring fresh litter into from the soil surface
  • Endogeic - Move horizontally in the soil, creating networks of soil pores. 
  • Epigeic - Are the smallest of the earthworm species. Live and feed on the soil surface on leaf and plant litter.
  • Compost earthworms - Found in compost or warm and moist environments with a rich supply of compostable material. 

 

Follow Jackie Stroud on twitter @wormscience for great info and updates on worms

 

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Connected Content

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