Wilding landscape

The concept of Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG) is an important component of the UK Government's ambitions to reverse biodiversity loss. It provides a framework for ensuring that development and land management activities leave habitats in a measurably better state than beforehand. 

The UK Environment Act (2021) states that all developments requiring planning permission must demonstrate a 10% net gain in biodiversity compared to the pre-development baseline. In some instances developers may choose to go beyond 10% BNG to demonstrate their commitment to nature recovery and/or to attract wider support for their proposals. The BNG value of a site is calculated using the Department for Environment, Farming and Rural Affairs (Defra) metric which converts information on the area and condition of various habitats into a numerical value. The difference between the value of the land before any development/land management intervention and afterwards indicates whether a net gain in biodiversity has been achieved. Where the required uplift in biodiversity value cannot be realised on a particular site then it may be necessary to do so off-site, thus creating an opportunity for others to sell biodiversity credits in return for delivering the required habitat on their land.   

See Natural England brochure on BNG here.

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As custodians of the landscape all farmers have responsibility to the wildlife and nature on their farms.  There are many networks, organisations, advisors and initiatives seeking to help farmers enhance wildlife and biodiversity. Increasingly this is being supported by Defra through ELMS and Local Nature Recovery schemes 

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